10.14489/td.2025.06.pp.012-018

2025, 06 June

DOI: 10.14489/td.2025.06.pp.012-018

Agaev F. G., Asadov H. H., Alieva G. V.
ON THE ISSUE OF CONTROLLING A MANEUVERING AIRCRAFT IN THE INFRARED RANGE
(pp. 12-18)

Abstract. The article is devoted to the topical issue of observing aircraft in the infrared range using the thermal radiation of an aircraft heated due to aerodynamic effects that occur during flight through the air. The purpose of this article is to optimize the infrared control of an aircraft in flight, maneuvering at altitude to overcome obstacles along its course, by searching for an optimization function according to the proposed optimization criterion, taking into account the influence of ambient temperature on the thermal radiation of aircraft. At the same time, the situation is analyzed when it is necessary to achieve the concealment of one's own aircraft from the enemy's surveillance equipment after completing the flight by minimizing thermal radiation from the aircraft. The objective of the study of this article is to determine the conditions for achieving the minimum average temperature of the aircraft skin due to piloting modes during aircraft descent operations, i.e. during maneuvering carried out by pilots in order to avoid unexpected obstacles along the course. The article considers a situation when an aircraft, in order to overcome sudden obstacles along the course, performs a maneuver to reduce flight altitude. This increases the infrared signature of the aircraft. It is shown that when performing such a maneuver, there is some optimal relationship between the values of the Mach number, which is the quantitative equivalent of flight speed, and the ambient air temperature, at which it is possible to minimize the flow of infrared radiation emitted by the aircraft at low altitude. An expression is obtained that makes it possible to calculate the wavelength in the infrared range in which an aircraft emitting a minimum of thermal energy can be controlled in the best possible way. The article has a practical application and can be used in the preparation of training methods for pilots.

Keywords: optical range, infrared radiation, Mach number, optimization, aerodynamic heating.

+ - About the Authors Click to collapse

F. G. Agaev, H. H. Asadov (National Aerospace Agency Azerbaijan, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра. , Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра.
G. V. Alieva (Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра.

+ - References Click to collapse

1. Rohacs J., Jankovics I., Gal I. et al. (2018). Small Aircraft Infrared Radiation Measurements Supporting the Engine Airframe AeroThermal Integration. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, 47, 51 ‒ 63.
2. Mahulikar S. P., Sonawe H. R., Rao A. (2007). Infrared Signature Studies of Aerospace Vehicles. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 43(8), 218 ‒ 245.
3. Coiro E., Chatelard C., Durand G., et al. (2012). Experimental Validation of an Aircraft Infrared Signature Code for Commercial Airlines, 1269 ‒ 1283. New Orleans: AIAA Thermophysics Conference. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-3190
4. Rogalski A. (2012). History of Infrared Detectors. Opto-Electronics Review, 20(3), 279 ‒ 308. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2478/s11772-012-0037-7
5. Gaitanakis G. K., Vlastaras A., Vassos N., Limnaios G. (2019). Infrared Search & Track Systems as an Antistealth Approach. Journal of Computations & Modeling, Vol. 9(1), 33 ‒ 53.
6. Banuti D., Hannenmann K. (2009). Flow Control by Energy Deposition in Hypersonic Flow-Some Fundamental Considerations. Bremen: Conference Proceedings of the 16th AIAA/DLR/DGLR International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference
7. Longo J. M. A., Dittrich R., Banuti D. et al. (2009). Concept Study for a Mach 6 Transport Aircraft. Orlando: Proceedings of the 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting. Number AIAA-2009-435.
8. Wang X., Zhang K., Li S. et al. (2019). An Optimal Longterm Aerial Infrared Object Tracking Algorithm with Redetection. IEEE Access, (7), 114320 ‒ 114333.
9. Coiro E., Lefebrve S., Ceolato R. (2020). Infrared Signature Predicition for LOw Observable Air Vehicles. AVT-324. Specialists Meeting on Multidisciplinary Design Approaches and Performance Assessment of Future Combat Aircraft. NATO. MP-AVT-324-08.
10. Jian Wei Lu. (2012). Evaluating the Effectiveness of infrared Signature Suppression of Aircraft Skin. The Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences., 55(4), 244 ‒ 253.
11. White J. R. (2012). Aircraft Infrared Principles, Signatures, Threats, and Countermeasures. NAWCWD 8773. NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER WEAPONS DIVISION POINT MUGU.
12. Mahulikar S. (2023). Analysis of Infrared Signature from Aircraft Frontal Aspect Due to Skin Friction Heating. SAE International Journal of Aerospace, 16(1), 3 ‒ 20. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4271/01-16-01-0001
13. Aerodynamics of the aircraft. Retrieved from https://vzletim.ru/upload/iblock/17d/aerodynamics04.pdf [in Russian language]
14. Novak D., Radisic T., Alfirevic I. (2012). Determining the Influence of Outside Air Temperature on Aircraft Airspeed. Transactions of Famena, 45 ‒ 53.
15. El'sgol'ts L. E. (1974). Differential equations and calculus of variations. Moscow: Nauka. [in Russian language]
16. Minyaev V.V. (2024). Calculation of atmospheric parameters taking into account air humidity. Vestnik MGTU im. N. E. Baumana. Seriya Estestvennye nauki, (2), 106 ‒ 111. [in Russian language]

+ - Purchase digital version of a single article Click to collapse

This article is available in electronic format (PDF).

The cost of a single article is 700 rubles. (including VAT 20%). After you place an order within a few days, you will receive following documents to your specified e-mail: account on payment and receipt to pay in the bank.

After depositing your payment on our bank account we send you file of the article by e-mail.

To order articles please copy the article doi:

10.14489/td.2025.06.pp.012-018

and fill out the form