10.14489/td.2026.06.pp.062-071

2026, 06 June

DOI: 10.14489/td.2026.06.pp.062-071

Agliullin T. A., Valeev B. I., Nurmukhametov D. I., Gordeeva A. I., Ponomarev R. S., Sakhabutdinova A. A., Anfinogentov V. I., Kuznetsov A. A., Fedotov M. U., Sakhabutdinov A. Zh.
FIBER-OPTIC END-FACE OPEN-CAVITY INTERFEROMETER SENSOR FOR LOCALIZEDMEASUREMENT OF SMALL VIBRATIONS
(pp. 62-71)

Abstract. A technological process is proposed for fabricating a fiber-optic sensitive element intended for monitoring ultra-small vibrations and acoustics in liquid media. The objective of the study is to develop the design of the sensitive element and to refine a reproducible manufacturing technology. The object of study is an optical fiber, and the subject of the research comprises methods and means for forming an open, macroscopic-size cavity at the fiber end face and using it as a sensitive element for monitoring ultra-small, highly localized vibrations in liquids, including the capability of detecting acoustic waves. The cavity is formed by arc-plasma melting of the optical fiber followed by cleaving, which makes it possible to obtain an open Fabry–Perot interferometer at the fiber end face. A step-by-step fabrication procedure is described, and the dependence of the macroscopic cavity size and shape on the technological process parameters is demonstrated, enabling a predictable geometry to be achieved. When the fiber end face with the macroscopic cavity is immersed in a liquid, a closed gas volume is stabilized within the cavity, and its interfacial boundaries serve as the mirrors of the interferometer. A mathematical model is presented; sensitivity estimates are obtained; the natural resonance frequencies are simulated; and a prototype is fabricated. The feasibility of registering acoustic waves in a liquid medium is demonstrated. The operating dynamic frequency range of 1 Hz… 100 kHz is determined experimentally, and the measurement error is estimated at 0.005 %. It is substantiated that the proposed and investigated sensitive element can serve as a basis for a unified platform for fiber-optic sensors that employ an end-face cavity as the fundamental sensing element. The proposed solution is shown to have significant potential for applications in high-precision, highly localized measurements.

Keywords: fiber Fabry–Perot interferometer, acoustic vibration sensor, end-face cavity in an optical fiber, catastrophic arc-plasma melting..

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T. A. Agliullin, B. I. Valeev (Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Kazan, Russia) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра. , Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра.
Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра. D. I. Nurmukhametov, A. I. Gordeeva, R. S. Ponomarev (Laboratory of Integrated Photonics, Perm State National Research University, Perm, Russia) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра. A. A. Sakhabutdinova (Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution Lyceum Engineering Center, Kazan, Russia)
V. I. Anfinogentov, A. A. Kuznetsov (Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Kazan, Russia) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра. , Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра.
M. U. Fedotov (Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Kazan, Russia, Russian Academy of Engineering, Moscow, Russia) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра.
A. Zh. Sakhabutdinov (Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev – KAI, Kazan, Russia) E-mail: Данный адрес e-mail защищен от спам-ботов, Вам необходимо включить Javascript для его просмотра.

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